install.packages("tidyverse")
Tidyverse is a package of packages that shares a common philosophy designed for data wrangling, exploring, and visualization. Of the many packages associated with tidyverse we’ve already covered a brief introduction to ggplot2
, and will next cover dplyr
and tidyr
.
dplyr is a grammar of data manipulation, providing a consistent set of verbs that help you solve the most common data manipulation challenges:
mutate()
adds new variables that are functions of existing variablesselect()
picks variables based on their names.filter()
picks cases based on their values.summarise()
reduces multiple values down to a single summary.arrange()
changes the ordering of the rows.These all combine naturally with group_by()
which allows you to perform any operation “by group”. You can learn more about them in vignette("dplyr")
. As well as these single-table verbs, dplyr also provides a variety of two-table verbs, which you can learn about in vignette("two-table")
.
%>%
pipes an object forward into a function or call expression
%>%
with unary function callsrequire(tidyverse)
## Loading required package: tidyverse
## ── Attaching packages ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse 1.2.1 ──
## ✔ ggplot2 3.1.0 ✔ purrr 0.3.1
## ✔ tibble 2.0.1 ✔ dplyr 0.8.0.1
## ✔ tidyr 0.8.3 ✔ stringr 1.4.0
## ✔ readr 1.3.1 ✔ forcats 0.4.0
## ── Conflicts ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## ✖ dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## ✖ dplyr::lag() masks stats::lag()
iris %>% head
## Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
## 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 2 4.9 3.0 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa
## 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa
## 5 5.0 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa
## 6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa
iris %>% tail
## Sepal.Length Sepal.Width Petal.Length Petal.Width Species
## 145 6.7 3.3 5.7 2.5 virginica
## 146 6.7 3.0 5.2 2.3 virginica
## 147 6.3 2.5 5.0 1.9 virginica
## 148 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 virginica
## 149 6.2 3.4 5.4 2.3 virginica
## 150 5.9 3.0 5.1 1.8 virginica
More information available at: http://magrittr.tidyverse.org/
RStudio keyboard shortcut for %>%
: